Introduction
Oftentimes, diabetes can damage nerves and blood vessels in feet, causing numbness and reduced feeling. With a higher likelihood of injury and slower healing times, diabetic patients are at an increased risk of developing diabetic ulcers on their feet.
The most common causes of severe diabetic ulcers are the result of neuropathy, (nerve damage) and/or poor circulation (caused by excess blood sugar).
Causes
- High blood sugar
- Heart disease
- Kidney disease
- Diabetes
- Foot deformities: bunions, hammertoes, Charcot foot
- Poorly fitting shoes
- Alcohol and tobacco
Characteristics of Diabetic Ulcers
- Location: Bottom of the foot
- Pain Level: Numbness or dullness. Due to nerve damage, there may be a reduced or complete lack of ability to feel pain.
- Appearance: Dry skin, redness, swelling, cracked skin, open sores, rashes, Non-healing wound may appear with dead tissue or discoloration.
- Color: Can vary and most common are: yellow, pink, red, grey, and/or black. If black, soft tissues may have lost oxygen or circulation causing necrosis or cell death to that part of the foot.
- Exudate: Drainage with brown discoloration and strong , foul odor.
- Size and Shape: Can vary in size but typically shaped like a crater or wedge.
Treating Diabetic Ulcers
In order to start the healing process and prevent infection, it is important that you contact us as soon as you are aware of the ulcer.
We will start the healing process by removing pressure from the affected area, clean the wound, remove any dead skin and tissue, and apply proper dressing. An ulcer could take up to several months to heal, so we will continue to provide ongoing wound management until that process is complete.
Preventing Diabetic Ulcers
Here are a few ways you can prevent an ulcer from developing or reoccurring:
- Regular visits with a trained healthcare provider
- At home examination, paying careful attention to the soles of the feet and between the toes. Note any changes to the skin including lesions, bruises, blistering, cracks, soreness or redness.
- Manage blood sugar levels
- Wear comfortable, supportive shoes
- Avoid smoking, drinking alcohol, and foods with high cholesterol